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Dento-skeletal Class II malocclusions in growing children remain one of the most challenging problems in orthodontics. The most frequent are due to by mandibular retrognathism. Thus, a treatment for stimulating mandibular growth by functional appliances is often indicated. However, this early treatment is a widely discussed in the literature mainly due to the uncertainly of stable long term results. This clinical presentation will focus on the Function Regulator (FR-2), proposed in the 1960s by Fränkel to correct the function of the circumoral musculature. The efficacy and benefits of FR-2 treatment in developing Class II malocclusion will be analyzed and the importance of the ideal timing will be discussed. Moreover the long-term stability of the FR-2 treatment and the importance of the differential diagnosis in the treatment for dento-skeletal class II patients will also be discussed.
Learning Objectives:
Recognize the benefits of early treatment in correcting dento-skeletal Class II malocclusions.
Determine optimal timing for orthodontic treatment of dento-skeletal Class II malocclusions.
Evaluate the major short- and long- term outcomes related to the Frankel II appliance treatment.
