Edward H. Angle Award Lecture - Science, Practice and Ethics in Finishing Adult and Elderly Patients

This lecture presents a message to young orthodontists on the desirable future direction of our profession, based on my own experiences and what has been handed down. The following topics will be covered: The esthetic challenges related to incisor display; Reshaping teeth with deviating forms to create beautiful teeth, full interdental papillae and optimal connector areas; How-to resolve crowding and narrow smiles without lateral expansion; Handling severe periodontal destruction in adults and elderly; Limitation of failures with multistranded wire bonded retainers.

Learning Objectives:

•  Reshape incisors to beautiful form and proper display related to patient age. 
• Handle severe periodontal tissue break-down in adults and elderly.
• Reduce bond failures for lingual retainers.