Growth Modulation by Class II and Class III Orthopedics

There is poor evidence that the amount condylar growth can be restrained by class III orthopedics. However, the impact of orthopedics on modeling processes in the ramus and gonial angle has been underestimated in the past. Our research on class III orthopedics has clearly shown that the gonial angle can be closed about 4°, resulting in less forward projection of the chin. Class II orthopedics have been focused mainly on condylar growth stimulation but so far there is hardly no evidence that these changes are clinically significant. Correction of class II malocclusions are mainly related to dento-alveolar compensations. In order to reduce lower incisor proclination, bone anchorage should be used not only in class III orthopedics but also for correction of class II growth.

Learning Objectives:

• Understand how growth processes can be modulated by orthopedics.
• Identify the impact of biomechanics of orthopedic forces on maxillary and mandibular rotations.
• Assess the impact of bone anchorage on the outcome of facial orthopedics.